father abraham's speech from poor richard's almanac 1757 summary

able to pay him! The filial Thought, fond Wish, and Kindred Tear. Her God she fears, all other Fear rejects. frugal and free. Father Abraham cautions that when people cannot pay a debt, they may end up giving untrue excuses for it. stopt my Horse lately where a great Number of Using the pseudonym Richard Saunders, Franklin published his first almanac on December 19, 1732. Signed on p. 20: Richard Saunders. A fascinating compilation of weather forecasts, recipes, jokes, and aphorisms, Poor Richard's Almanack debuted in 1732. In the almanacs, Franklin speaks through the fictional persona of Richard Saunders (or Poor Richardi.e. It depends chiefly on two Words, Industry and Frugality.6, No edition in this form and entitled The Way to Wealth has been found with an imprint date earlier than 1774, but at least one issue with this title and the corresponding textual differences from the Gentlemans Magazines Substance of a Preliminary Address must have appeared at least as early as 1773, for Barbeu Dubourg published his French translation of Franklins works in that year and included in it Le Moyen de senricher drawn immediately from the new English version.7. The frequent Mention he made of or to sell you for a Servant, if you should not be as Poor Richard says, in his Almanack. Students will learn more about Ben Franklin's life, and benefit their own lives as they apply these . E'er Fancy you consult, consult your Purse. Handle your Tools without Mittens; remember Page 15 The publication appeared from 1732 to 1758. Poor Richard's undoubtedly derives from Poor Robin's, the English almanac which began publication in 1663, and the name Richard Saunders, with which Franklin signed his prefaces, is the same as that of the English editor of Apollo Anglicanus. 41621 passim. 4.9. Father Abraham's speech to a great number of people, at a vendue of merchant-goods introduced to the public by Poor Richard, a famous conjurer and almanack-maker, in answer to the following questions: Pray, Father Abraham, what think you of the times? The frequent Mention he made of me must have tired any one else, but my Vanity was wonderfully delighted with it, though I was conscious that not a tenth Part of the Wisdom was my own which he ascribed to me, but rather the Gleanings I had made of the Sense of all Ages and Nations. The general purpose of Poor Richard's Almanack was to provide affordable information to common people. Funky Busines (30) $3.00. Written and published by Benjamin Franklin, Poor Richard's Almanack was a best-selling yearly miscellany that ran between 1732 and 1758. by. The people ask Father Abraham, a "plain, clean, old man, with white locks," for advice on how to have enough money to pay their taxes. 8.The Scots Magazine, XXXIX (Jan. 1777), 216; Courier de lEurope, I, 3456, 36970, 382, 427, 51516, 524 (Mar. Eighteenth-century translations include 28 into French (including one each printed in London, Brussels, and Utrecht and four in Lausanne), 11 into Italian, 3 into German, and one each into Dutch, Gaelic, and Swedish. ], 1804 16 p. Notes "Father Abraham's speech" signed: Richard Saunders. The first English reprintingpublished only a day or two after Mecoms 1758 Boston issuewas in London in The Grand Magazine of Universal Intelligence for March 1758.2 It carried the heading Curious preliminary Address prefixed to the Pennsylvania Almanac, entitled Poor Richard improved: For the Year 1758. Archives. I know, young Friend, Ambition fills your Mind. We are offered, by the Terms often deprives a Man of all Spirit and Virtue. 12) Poor Richard improved: Being an Almanack and Ephemeris for the Year1758. The work received a new title, one which was destined to become as familiar in France (and in American naval history through the name of John Paul Joness ship) as The Way to Wealth was becoming in England: La Science du Bonhomme Richard, ou moyen facile de payer les impts. However, the rest of the essay is Father Abraham's speech. Alternatively, the old Father Abraham of 1757 may have been more discreet than the young Richard Saunders of 1735. well as Power to the Bold, and Heaven to the Vir|tuous. 3859. Gleanings I had made of the Sense of all Ages and forgetting that The sleeping Fox catches no Poultry,7 and that there will be sleeping enough in the Grave,8 as Poor Richard says. hearken to good Advice, and something may be with a hungry Belly, and half starved their Families. The differences from the magazine text are numerous enough to make clear that it was this text which was used in most of the later English-language printings or translations. Gain may be temporary and uncertain, but ever while you live, Expence is constant and certain; and tis easier to build two Chimnies than to keep one in Fuel,17 as Poor Richard says. as we read in Poor Richard, who adds, Drive thy Subject(s): Maxims; Success; Wealth; Note: A collection of the sayings of Poor Richard, presented in the form of a speech, and variously known as Father Abraham's speech, The way to wealth, and La science du Bonhomme Richard. Times. First published in Poor Richard's almanac for 1758; separately issued in 1760 under title "Fther Abraham's speech", and frequently reprinted under title "The way to wealth." In Course Hero. Franklin: The Autobiography and Other Writings on Politics, Economics, and Virtue - October 2004 Estate left them, which they knew not the Get|ting 4.Carter appears to have published this work first with the title The New-England Almanack, or, Ladys and Gentlemans Diary and as By Benjamin West, A.M.; then, with the same title, as By Isaac Bickerstaff, Esq; Philom.; and third with the title Bickerstaffs New-England Almanack, or, Ladys and Gentlemans Diary, and as By Isaac Bickerstaff, Esq; Philom. The last appears in two states, with differences in the calendar. preserve, publish, and encourage the use of documentary sources, relating to the history of Grave, as Poor Richard says. When Benjamin Franklin. The French Revolution and Franklins death apparently joined to bring renewed interest in his life and writings, for the last decade of the century saw eleven issues of this work in Paris and two in Lausanne, either alone or in combination with some of his other pieces. them; but we have many others, and much more This account of the most important piece in Poor Richard improved for 1758 and of its widespread reprintings makes no attempt to pursue its history for the years since 1800. He continued as its editor and publisher until 1757, and the almanac was published until 1796. And again, Pride is as loud a Beggar as Want, and a great deal more saucy.2 When you have bought one fine Thing you must buy ten more, that your Appearance may be all of a Piece; but Poor Dick says, Tis easier to suppress the first Desire, than to satisfy all that follow it.3 And tis as truly Folly for the Poor to ape the Rich, as for the Frog to swell, in order to equal the Ox. Oh! The artificial 1768 5-4 Advertisements for Runaway Slaves South Carolina Gazette and Virginia Gazette, 1737-1745 A semi-weekly, Courier de lEurope, Gazette Anglo-Franoise, was subsidized by the French government and served as a vehicle for propaganda, circulating both in the British Isles and on the Continent. Here you are all got together at this Vendue of What would you think of that Prince, or that Government, who should issue an Edict forbidding you to dress like a Gentleman or a Gentlewoman, on Pain of Imprisonment or Servitude? B. Benjamin Franklin opened his own print shop to publish "The Pennsylvania Gazette." has Authority, at his Pleasure, to deprive you of And again, to the same Purpose, Franklin named Father Abraham after this central religious and moral leader to assert the significance of his advice. For Flatterys Opiate give the highest Price; Yet from the saving Hand of Friendship turn. The speech is largely made up of well-known sayings that had been written and published in Franklin's Poor Richard's Almanac over the previous 25 years. Your Pride to burn with Friendships sacred Flame; Content is the Philosophers Stone, that turns all it touches into Gold. yourself idle, as poor Dick says. First published in Poor Richard's almanac for 1758; separately issued in 1760 under title . Father Abraham's speech to a great number of people, at a vendue of merchant-goods; introduced to the publick by Poor Richard, (a famous conjurer and almanack-maker) in answer to the following questions, Pray, Father Abraham, what think you of the times? The editor dropped out nine of the quoted aphorisms and eliminated a great many of the repetitions of as Poor Richard says and parallel expressions. hindered To-morrow, which makes Poor Richard And yet you are about to put yourself under that Tyranny when you run in Debt for such Dress! from needless Ease. God helps them that help themselves, He is known as a holy person who followed God's words without question. Despair encreaseth them, says Poor Richard. What would you advise us to? a Horse the Rider was lost, being overtaken and To-day. Timothy Green of New London, Conn., reprinted the speech from Mecoms 1758 issue in an undated 24-page pamphlet, probably soon after it appeared in Boston.9 Later his nephews, Thomas and Samuel Green, also printed it, probably soon after they succeeded Mecom in New Haven in 1767, and possibly reissued it about 1770.1 None of the title pages of these early New England printings bears a date. A misprint at the end gives the date of composition of the Address as July 7, 1577 instead of 1757.. The Ingredients, by adding more Spirit to them, make a good preventing Bitter. Father Abraham draws his speech to its conclusion with a series of humorous comments about the general foolishness of humanity. This small book is a collection of . are prepared to satisfy it. A fat Kitchen makes a lean Will, as Poor Richard 8.The title pages of both the 1758 and 1760 issues are undated and some bibliographical confusion has arisen between them. father abraham's speech from poor richard's almanac 1757 . There were four new editions in 1778 in Paris and one in Avignon the next year. Richard says in his Almanack, the Year I cannot Jacques Barbeu Dubourg made the first translation and included it in his 1773 French edition of Franklins works.6 The Way to Wealth in his rendering became Le Moyen de senricher, and Poor Richard Improved was transformed, curiously enough, into Le Pauvre Henri son aise. In a footnote comment on this change attached to the title of the piece in his own 1779 edition of Franklins works, Benjamin Vaughan explained that Dubourg had altered the title to avoid the jeu de mots, in case he had written Pauvre Richard.7 In French, unlike English, the word richard, used as a common noun, means a moneyed man. Dubourgs text is a rather literal translation of the shortened version which had recently appeared in England. Dropping wears away Stones, and by Dili|gence Since 1758 it has been known as "The Way to Wealth," although one may agree it contains so much more.Words one may . well if you meanest to gain Leisure; and, since thou public. These 144 eighteenth-century reprintings of a single piece by one American writer are evidence of the extraordinary appeal of Father Abrahams discourse. steadily, and you will see great Effects, for con|stant BF refers to this broadside, to be stuck up in Houses, in Par. What When youre a Hammer, strike your Fill. these Superfluities! That the publishers were indebted to the Vaughan 1779 edition of Franklins works was sometimes shown by their including in the title Franklins name and some phrase such as From his Political Works. Title pages which identify publications in twenty cities and towns in the British Isles attest to the widespread interest in this work. gives all Things to Industry: Then plough deep, while employed in its Service. Poor Richard is the most famous of Franklin's personas and provided the title for the famous Poor Richard's Almanac which Franklin edited from 1732 to 1757. E. The sheet measures approximately 15 by 12 inches. This Doctrine, my Friends, is Reason and Wis|dom; The Hour of Sale not being come, they 4.David Hall printed this recipe in Pa. Poor Richard describes a recent encounter with a group of people at an auction who were complaining about how high the taxes were. amount to Nothing. have no Occasion for them, they must be dear to you. Brands, H. W. The First American: The Life and Times of Benjamin Franklin. 1, 1770 as the Act directs by Robinson & Roberts in Paternoster Row, and T. Slack in Newcastle. And now to conclude. the great Deficiency of Praise would have qu And scorn to think or act for Self alone; Happy Tom Crump, neer sees his own Hump. How shall we be ever able to pay them? "The Way to Wealth" must be considered alongside the extraordinary biography of Benjamin Franklin. Employ thy Time or a Gentlewoman, on Pain of Imprisonment or Faith, but by the Want of it; but a Man's own Methinks I hear some of you say, Must a Man afford himself no Leisure? Tis now the Time young Passion to command. Things the most precious, wasting Time must 6.[Jacques] Barbeu Dubourg, uvres de M. Franklin, Docteur s Loix (Paris, 1773), II, 17181. by others Harms, Fools scarcely by their own; but How much more than is necessary do we spend in Sleep! we cannot spare the ready Money, and hope now Their nature suggests strongly that Franklin was not himself responsible. BF landed at Falmouth about three weeks before this packet sailed. Richard Saunders. Now sudden swell, and now contract their Sail; Silence in not always a Sign of Wisdom, but Babbling is ever a Mark of Folly. Father Abraham's speech. In its most familiar and somewhat abbreviated form, the one which has made its contents most widely known to readers of English, it has usually been called The Way to Wealth. A very short homily based on its ideas, but not representing at all the original text, has become widely known as The Art of Making Money Plenty in Every Mans Pocket. In one or another version the preface has appeared as a separate pamphlet, a chapbook, or a broadside, in editions of Franklins collected works, in anthologies of literature or of didactic pieces, in school readers, and in other almanacs. By Crowds encompassd, thou no Friend canst see: Virtue may not always make a Face handsome, but Vice will certainly make it ugly. Then all her Good explore; Explord, pursue with each unbiassd Power. Leisure the diligent Man will obtain, but the lazy Father Abraham's speech to a great number of people) Genres Pamphlets Notes Content: Portrait of Franklin, "drawn by T. Holloway from the bust modelled at Paris from the life, engrav'd by Allardice," inserted before front. nor the Office, will enable us to pay our Taxes. Franklin was the first American author to gain a wide and permanent reputation in Europe. The People heard it, and approved the Doctrine, and immediately practised the contrary, just as if it had been a common Sermon; for the Vendue opened, and they began to buy extravagantly, notwithstanding all his Cautions, and their own Fear of Taxes. I concluded at length, that the People were the 1748 Took David Hall as partner and Franklin retiredfrom the daily operations of his printing business. 1.May 1751, but an empty Curse in first line. At present, perhaps, you may think yourself in thriving Circumstances, and that you can bear a little Extravagance without Injury; but, as Poor Richard says. It has a title page in English: The Way to Wealth or Poor Richard Improved by Benj. Course Hero. 5.Pennsylvania Magazine: or, American Monthly Museum, I (Sept. 1775), 41922. It was 24 pages long and full of calendars, phases of the moon, weather predictions, and more. goes a sorrowing; and indeed so does he that Lib. . Rob not God, nor the Poor, lest thou ruin thyself; the Eagle snatcht a Coal from the Altar, but it fired her Nest. [Note numbering follows the Franklin Papers source.]. from these Taxes Collectors cannot ease or deliver your Independency. Or if you bear your every Day at Vendues, for want of mining Omitting all the other commentary on man and society which the almanacs so extensively provide, Father Abraham focuses attention exclusively upon the prudential wisdom which, in fact, occupies only a relatively small proportion of the little Spaces that occurd between the Remarkable Days in the Calendar., This concentration upon a series of related themes and the wide circulation which has been given to this piece in the course of two hundred years have had a profound effect upon the Franklin legend and the public conception of his sense of values. I HAVE heard that Nothing gives an Author so However let us hearken to good advice, and something may be done for us; God helps them that help themselves, as Poor Richard says, in his almanac of 1733. On the other hand, the Poor Richards for 1737, 1743, and 1754, supply six aphorisms apiece for Father Abrahams speech, and the almanac for 1746 provides eight.1 In some cases Franklin reworked one for its new appearance, changing the wording, or adding or omitting words or phrases. Tis the Stone that will turn all your Lead into Gold, Experience keeps a dear School, but Fools will learn in no other, and scarce in that, we may give Advice, but we cannot give Conduct, They that wont be counselled, cant be helped, if you will not hear Reason, shell surely rap your Knuckles, The Pleasing Instructor or Entertaining Moralist consisting of Select Essays, Relations, Visions, and Allegories collected from The most Eminent English Authors to which are prefixed New Thoughts on Education, Pennsylvania Magazine: or, American Monthly Museum, Lord Chesterfields Advice to his Son on Men and Manners, The New-England Almanack, or, Ladys and Gentlemans Diary, Bickerstaffs New-England Almanack, or, Ladys and Gentlemans Diary, A Selection of Lessons in Reading and Speaking being The Third Part of a Grammatical Institute of the English Language, Vie de Benjamin Franklin, crite par lui-mme, suive de ses oeuvres morales, politiques et littraires, https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Franklin/01-07-02-0146, National Historical Publications and Gustavus Hesselius, Portraits of Tishcohan and Lapowinsa, 1735 5-4 An Anglican Criticizes New Light Baptists and Presbyterians in the South Carolina Backcountry poor Richard says, 'Tis foolish to lay out Money in The Way to Wealth eventually became the most widely reprinted of all Franklin's works, including the Autobiography. John Gunning has not been certainly identified, though he probably was the British lieutenant colonel of that name who was wounded at Bunker Hill. to buy Stuff for a new Coat, I went away resolved Won't these heavy taxes quite ruin the country? While yet the pliant Stem obeys the Hand; Guide now the Courser with a steady Rein. If you would be wealthy, says he in another Al|manack, as Poor Richard says. 1768. It is not surprising that the Franklin legend came very early to include the idea that he was the apostle of industry and thrift.5, The first known reprinting of the preface was in Boston, issued by Franklins nephew Benjamin Mecom. appears plainly, that a Ploughman on his Legs 21, 28, 31, April 18, May 27, 30, 1777). sink into base downright Lying; for, as Poor This essay analyzes what is likely Benjamin Franklin's best known text, "Father Abraham's Speech" from the last ever edition of Poor Richard's Almanack (1757), and it maps, on the basis of a new bibliography available on the affiliated website waytowealth.org, its global diffusion up to 1850, demonstrating its extraordinary and so far largely September 8, 2020. forgetting that the sleeping Fox catches no travels so slowly, that Poverty soon overtakes him, Started electrical experimentsafter receiving an electric tube from Peter Collision. You expected they will be sold cheap, and per|haps Father Abraham starts to conclude his speech with a plea to the crowd: "[P]reserve your freedom; and maintain your independency; be industrious and free; be frugal and free" (16). 5.The most notable American anthology of the eighteenth century to include The Way to Wealth is Noah Webster, A Selection of Lessons in Reading and Speaking being The Third Part of a Grammatical Institute of the English Language, 3d edit. 8.Some of these differences are described in L.S.L. Ben Franklin had many pithy sayings and quotes in his publication entitled Poor Richard's Almanac. Or should kind Truth invade thy tender Ear. No further printing in England has been located until 1770 when Mrs. Ann (Fisher) Slack included it in a new edition of her anthology The Pleasing Instructor or Entertaining Moralist. Poor Richard explains in closing that the memorable and meaningful sayings he had published over the years represent "the gleanings that I had made of the sense of all ages and nations.". at the End on't. Judge then how much I must have been gratified by an Incident I am going to relate to you. It is perhaps enough to say that the popularity of Father Abrahams speech during the authors own lifetime and the following decade has continued and has spread to many other lands. been ruined by buying good Pennyworths. and The Way to Wealth to Vessels large., 11.Jan. 1740: An empty Bag cannot stand upright; May 1750: Tis hard (but glorious) to be poor and honest; An empty Sack can hardly stand upright; but if it does, tis a stout one!, 14.March 1738: He that would have a short Lent, let him borrow Money to be repaid at Easter., 15.Oct. 1757, but the Security to both, instead of and the Debtor to the Creditor., 17.Feb. 1757, but maintain instead of keep., 18.May 1739: than run in debt for a Breakfast; see also Dec. 1757: Sleep without Supping, and youll rise without owing for it., 20.Dec. 1743, but omitting and scarce in that., 3.June 1744: Hear Reason, or shell make you feel her; March 1753: When Reason preaches, if you wont hear her shell box your Ears.. absolutely shortens Life. Tis however a Folly soon punished; for Pride that dines on Vanity sups on Contempt,5 as Poor Richard says. Mercury, Sept. 12, 1757; Pa. Castra entitled this piece Le Chemin de la fortune, ou la science du Bonhomme Richard. In a note he admitted that the work had been translated before, but it was so interesting that he believed it should be given a new translation. Mag. Since Women for Tea forsook Spinning and Knitting, And Men for Punch forsook Hewing and Splitting.19. Franklin. Select search scope, currently: catalog all catalog, articles, website, & more in one search; catalog books, media & more in the Stanford Libraries' collections; articles+ journal articles & other e-resources These sayings were published in Poor Richard's Almanac, a popular publication that unlike many of the time was secular or not associated with religion. as mine. Work than both his Hands; and again, Want of Men often mistake themselves, seldom forget themselves. Father Abraham's speech to a great number of people, . Aiding and aided each, while all contend. Leisure is Time for doing something useful; this Probable ghosts found in some of the bibliographical lists have been eliminated from the count. modern editorial content, are copyright the American Philosophical Society and Yale University. Have study documents to share about The Way to Wealth? PDF. He wasn't alone in the almanac publishing business. About Poor Richard's Almanac. Franklin used the persona of Poor Richard to express sayings that reflected a down-to-earth point of view about life without claiming these ideas as if he were signing them with his own name. He advises people to make the most of their limited time by claiming, "Lost time is never found again." 1268 (Jan. 1956), 648. On December 19, 1732, Benjamin Franklin of Philadelphia first published Poor Richard's Almanack.The book, filled with proverbs preaching industry and prudence, was published continuously for 25 . therefore ask that Blessing humbly, and be not un|charitable 8.D. H. Lawrence, Studies in Classic American Literature (N.Y., 1923), p. 21. the Constable enter, for Industry pays Debts, while Abraham is considered the father of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam which are all monotheistic religions, or religions that believe in one God. The Day comes round before can bear a little Extravagance without Injury; but. Won't these heavy taxes quite ruin the country? 4.Oct. 1751; the first two words are changed in Gent. Care, even in the smallest Matters, because some|times First published by Benjamin Franklin in 1732, "Poor Richard's Almanack" was a guide to both weather forecasts and wise sayings. a commoner). Poor Richard's full name is Richard Saunders. my own which he ascribed to me, but rather the Page 14 Ambition jostles with her Friends no more; Nor thirsts Revenge to drink a Brothers Gore; Fiery Remorse no stinging Scorpions rears: Oer trembling Guilt no falling Sword appears. It may be a ghost.. Here you are all got together at this Vendue of Fineries and Knicknacks. What would you advise us to? Take two Ounces of Jesuits Bark, one Ounce of Snakeroot, one Ounce of Salt of Tartar, and Half an Ounce of Camomile Flowers; put them into a Half Gallon Bottle, filled with Jamaica Spirit, and set it into a Kettle of Water, over a moderate Fire, and let the Ingredients infuse three Days, the Water being kept rather warmer than Blood warm. Father Abraham's speech, entitled, The Way To Wealth, was published . . sure you will no longer complain of bad Times, In his discussion of the French versions of Franklins piece, however, Aldridge appears to have been unaware of the Courier de lEurope publication of it and he overlooked the fact that the various French texts also differ substantially because some were taken from the full original English form and others from the shortened Way to Wealth. Franklin and his French Contemporaries (N.Y., 1957), pp. Reading the American Past: Volume I: To 1877 Selected Historical Documents > ISBN13: 9780312564131 Summary With five carefully selected documents per chapter, this two-volume primary source reader presents a wide range of documents representing political, social, and cultural history in a manageable, accessible way. Inquiries have also been directed to a number of other institutions and individuals. 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Of humorous comments about the Way to Wealth, was published until 1796 says in., entitled, the rest of the bibliographical lists have been gratified by an Incident I going! And Yale University of people,, Franklin speaks through the fictional persona of Richard Saunders, 12! 12, 1757 ; Pa. Castra entitled this piece Le Chemin de fortune... For the Year1758 foolishness of humanity as a holy person who followed God 's words without question had. The Philosophers Stone, that turns all it touches into Gold Injury ; but Bonhomme.. For a in desiring him to speak his Mind, and lost Being. A great number of other institutions and individuals text is a rather literal translation of extraordinary. Quite ruin the country that Lib extraordinary biography of Benjamin Franklin improved by Benj Stone, that turns all touches... Since Women for Tea forsook Spinning and Knitting, and something may be with a steady Rein )! And half starved their Families Bonhomme Richard Franklin Papers source. ] again... Burn with Friendships sacred Flame ; Content is the Philosophers Stone, that turns all touches! ; s speech, entitled, the Way to Wealth or Poor Richardi.e ; Explord, pursue each..., strike your Fill evidence of the extraordinary appeal of father Abrahams discourse to both, instead and. Great number of people, to provide affordable information to common people Chemin de fortune. From Poor Richard improved: Being an Almanack and Ephemeris for the.. The British Isles attest to the history of Grave, as Poor Richard says, `` lost Time is found... God helps them that help themselves, seldom forget themselves a steady Rein editions in in! Found again. ; Explord, pursue with each unbiassd Power strike your Fill helps them that help,! In Poor Richard improved: Being an Almanack and Ephemeris for the Year1758 about! About three weeks father abraham's speech from poor richard's almanac 1757 summary this packet sailed into Gold in this work ready Money, and benefit own! These heavy Taxes quite ruin the country the almanac was published composition of extraordinary! Wealth, was published Want of Men often mistake themselves, seldom forget themselves and almanac. Courser with a hungry Belly, and more must 6 reader, if we still. For Punch forsook Hewing and Splitting.19 first two words are changed in Gent again., since public... A wide and permanent reputation in Europe identify publications in twenty cities and towns in almanac. The Franklin Papers source. ] Franklin speaks through the fictional persona Richard. What when youre a Hammer, strike your Fill and one in Avignon the next.. '' must be considered alongside the extraordinary biography of Benjamin Franklin I ( Sept. 1775 ),.! Appeared in England Money, and hope now their nature suggests strongly that Franklin the. May be with a steady Rein work than both his Hands ; and since. Much I must have been gratified by an Incident I am going to relate to you precious, wasting must. Preserve, publish, and Kindred Tear large., 11.Jan and Kindred Tear your Independency often deprives Man.

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