Its aggressive handling of Covid-19in sharp contrast to that of many Western countries with higher death rates and later, less-stringent lockdownshas, if anything, reinforced that view. The only obligation they have is to follow the law that in most cases is straightforward. That history also explains the paradox that the rulers and the ruled in China operate on very different time frames. As the author Yuval Noah Harari has pointed out, liberalism has had few competitors since the end of the Cold War, when both fascism and communism appeared defeated. They dont know how capitalist China is. The critical distinction is that the Chinese system is not only Marxist, its Marxist-Leninist. The difference between the US and China is that the US is on the North American continent, whereas China lies in Asia. Recognizing that the authoritarian Marxist-Leninist system is accepted in China as not only legitimate but also effective is crucially important if Westerners are to make more-realistic long-term decisions about how to deal with or invest in the country. But the third assumption can also mislead those seeking to engage with China. Dictatorship, Gun Control: Legal, Psychology and Political Viewpoint, Difference Between Criminal and Civil Court System. Yet they found common ground to work in mutually beneficial ways. Both countries have a Judicial, Executive, and Legislative branch. China, meanwhile, doesn't apply any such double standards. When Nixon first visited China, in 1972, the differences between the two countries were vast, in political and economic systems and of course in ideology. Despite the new Democratic government's support of domestic diversity, it continues hostile Trump-era policies intended to pressure China, Russia and others into conforming with the U.S.'s political demands. Losing the China market will be costly for American tech companies and deprive them of funds for further R&D. In the early days of the outbreak, the Trump administration tried everything possible to downplay the severity of the situation attempting to secure the economy and votes in a presidential election year. ), Copyright 2020 CGTN. /Getty. So a Marxist-Leninist system is concerned not only with economic outcomes but also with gaining and maintaining control over the system itself. The technology war waged by the Trump administration forced China to develop critical technologies, such as semiconductor chips, for which it has relied on U.S. suppliers. If the U.S. abandons the one-China policy and supports Taiwans independence, conflict will be inevitable, with unimaginable consequences for the world market. One reason that many people misread Chinas trajectory may be thatparticularly in the English-language promotional materials the Chinese use overseasthe country tends to portray itself as a variation on a liberal state, and therefore more trustworthy. For international business management of doing business in a country like China, it can sometimes get hard since it is not possible to function liberally as in a democratic nation. People who do take long-term career risks often do so only after fulfilling their primary need for short-term security. Chinas saving rate will drop significantly as its population ages, and investment will slow. What to Know. Our firm, PAG, invests throughout Asia and occasionally beyond. Unlike China, the U.S. spends more than 50% above its annual revenues leading to high deficits. Beijing ICP prepared NO.16065310-3, China vs. America: Political diversity vs. political conformity. The Trump administration, however, has focused on U.S. economic interests, putting the pursuit of hegemonistic benefits in a secondary position. Even though China is diverse in its ethnic groups, it is still a relatively high homogenous group, which is also reflected in its politics. The United States had maintained a fairly consistent foreign policy until Trump. Advantages and Disadvantages of Bellwether Cases, The Conundrum of Non-Criminalization of Marital Rape in India, Examination of School Shootings and Student Safety from Public Administration Viewpoint. Democracy has since then been core in the entire political system (Borner, Brunetti & Weder, 2016). For example, a 2015 survey found that 81% of them trade at least once a month, even though frequent trading is invariably a way to destroy rather than create long-term fund value. She bought a flatthe first time anyone in her familys history had owned property. Reforming Sino-American Cultural Exchange for the Better. A cleaner in Chongqing now owns several apartments because the CCP reformed property laws. The Trump administration was determined to damage Chinas economy and businesses. But this argument overlooks some fundamental differences between China and the United States, Japan, Britain, Germany, and France. The name of the game in China is scale. The authors suggest that those assumptions are rooted in three essentially false beliefs about modern China: (1) Economics and democracy are two sides of the same coin; (2) authoritarian political systems cant be legitimate; and (3) the Chinese live, work, and invest like Westerners. Entry to the CCP and to a university involves compulsory courses in Marxist-Leninist thought, which has also become part of popular culture, as evidenced by the 2018 TV talk show Marx Got It Right. China has stolen American jobs, the thinking goes, so we oppose China. Many Chinese not only dont believe that democracy is necessary for economic success but do believe that their form of government is legitimate and effective. He believes Chinese people are fixated on. They still blame foreign interference for many of their misfortunes, even if it occurred more than a century ago. China's political system encourages parties, organizations, and representatives from various circles of Chinese society to discuss basic policy as well as important political, economic, cultural and social issues. Considering that China adopted the system of the dynamic market much later than other nations, it has done remarkably well to have such a positive impact on its economy. Beijing expats want the "real China" They prefer Chinese language, history, and culture and avoid Western civilization. As the situation worsened, Trump had to rise and respond, only to find more problems revealing themselves hundreds of thousands of confirmed cases of infections awaiting treatment, medical equipment in short supply, the fatal consequences of the hollowing out U.S. industries. Comparision between US, UK, and China's Political Systems The United States Of America is a liberal democratic country, and the basic elements of democracy (majority rule, government by popular consent, one person one vote, and competitive elections, to name a few) are revered. It is, therefore, against nature itself and arguably a violation of international human and legal rights for anyone to attempt to get rid of diversity, which is exactly what the U.S. is trying to do all across the world through its messianic zeal in imposing its political system onto all others. For companies that want to venture into international businesses, it is important to investigate the legal system of that country and how it can affect their day to day business in that nation. After all, if it genuinely believed in the merits of diversity at home, it wouldn't try to snuff out political diversity abroad. Empowered by Xi to deal with the corruption that had become so prevalent early in that decade, the commission can arrest and hold suspects for several months; its decisions cannot be overturned by any other entity in China, not even the supreme court. Additionally, the continued flourishing of various technological advancements has allowed nations to grow by accessing the information from other nations and comparing it with what they have and consequently making changes where necessary. The differences in the political orders of China and the United States are "irreconcilable", making it difficult to keep relations between the two countries on a stable track, a leading. However, both states have a very different political landscape, which is what will be discussed in the paper today. China vs. United States Government Definitions Administrative divisions : This entry generally gives the numbers, designatory terms, and first-order administrative divisions as approved by the US Board on Geographic Names (BGN). And what if the market itself is in China? The CPC runs the country while the other non communist parties play the role of participatory. China and the United States significantly differ in terms of the economic, legal and political system but this does not stop them from being the top two nation with the biggest economy worldwide. The highest court in China is the Supreme Peoples Court, which includes the Chief Justice and over 340 other judges, including 13 that are considered grand justices. This, of course, mirrors the role of U.S. defense and intelligence spending in the development of Silicon Valley. In our experience, many Westerners dont understand what that means or why it matters. And with handy apps such as Xuexi Qiangguo (Study the powerful nation and a pun on Study Xi) to teach the basics of thinkers including Marx, Lenin, Mao, and Xi Jinping, political education is now a 21st-century business. However, there are usually lawful ways to get around that. The city of Rongcheng, for example, uses big data (available to the government through surveillance and other data-capturing infrastructure) to give people individualized social credit scores. These are used to reward or punish citizens according to their political and financial virtues or vices. While hierarchy and equality may appear to the post-Enlightenment West to be antithetical concepts, in China they remain inherently complementary. This shapes the way they make long-term commitments, especially those that entail short-term trade-offs or losses. Looking into the future, the path for China-U.S. cooperation will become more tortuous owing to the nationalist ideological struggle triggered by the coronavirus. With its democratic society, the U.S. is unable to prevent financial capitalism from swelling, or to take dramatic action against vested interests to formulate a model under which finance and industry mutually optimize and complement one another. Also, the communism in China is affected by the political tradition of ancient Chinese imperial system. The Chinese political system is dominated by multiparty cooperation as well as political constitution under the direction of the Communist party of China (CPC), but the USA is governed by the western style of multiparty system. Western systems are . Therefore, a country's political system can be assessed effectively by using aspects such as collectivism or individualism and totalitarianism or democracy. For example, the British role in the Opium Wars of the 1840s kicked off a 100-year period that the Chinese still refer to as the Century of Humiliation. That figure is higher than in all Western countries (for example, only 53% of U.S. individual investors trade this frequently); its also even higher than in neighboring Hong Konganother Han Chinese society with a predilection for gambling and a similar, capital-gains-tax-free regime. The benefits are both financial (for example, access to mortgage loans) and social (permission to buy a ticket on one of the new high-speed trains). But surely gun shops being essential service during a huge medical virus shutdown is the height of insanity at this moment on this planet. The point is that a China-based supply chain has proved a blessing, not a curse, in this pandemic. Canadian jurisdiction is the opposite; if it's not left to the Provinces, it's most likely the responsibility of the federal government. The logic of national identification is rough and simple under this construct: Because it is China, I oppose it; the WHO endorses China, so I oppose the WHO; CNN gave positive coverage of China, so I oppose CNN. That leaves much room for growth and many opportunities for investors, particularly in businesses that cater to consumers. The Peoples Republic of China is still one of the few countries in the world that follow the communist government structure and is led by a one-party system. The harsh reality of the pandemic has given rise to political competition with characteristics not seen before, sounding the alarm for future bilateral relations. The nominations of all the candidates are not done through their own accord or will but need to be nominated by the CCP, and this is done through the election committee that then consults a group of voters through what is called the three ups and three downs. New York: McGraw Hill/Irwin. The closing meeting of the fifth session of the 12th National People's Congress is held at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing . Its just not liberal reform. This is the best approach for one to have and ensures that its partnerships remain everlasting. In the legislative branch of the government, the members of the Congress are elected through municipal and regional congresses, which can only have members of the Chinese Communist party which are responsible for the creation of policies and laws that affect the livelihood of the citizens of China which the judicial branch oversees and upholds. In context, the United States should be more pluralistic as it prides itself to be a melting pot, but it can be considered more of an elitist democracy. Along with China's economic and military rise, its leading political values will increasingly shape both China and the world at large. And the party has always believed in and emphasized the importance of Chinese history and of Marxist-Leninist thought, with all they imply. What are the biggest risks for Chinas economy in the coming years? The local and minor elections in the country are the only form of citizen engagement that is seen in the political process of China, but there have been many cases of suppression in the minor elections, especially regarding independent candidates. The Chinese government is, however, much easier to decipher since it is a communist one-party state that is also led by elites even though it goes against the very grain of communism. But its also conspicuously different: The concept of U.S. hegemony goes beyond economics to such fields as politics, the military and society. The executive branch of the government focuses on enforcing the laws and policies and includes major political figures such as the President and the Cabinet. The paper also highlighted citizen engagement in both countries, either through direct elections in the USA or through the CCP controlled nominations in China. Politicians and business leaders continue to misread Chinas strategy and politics. The executive branch of the government holds the highest position of head of state and the cabinet as well, which is appointed by the National Peoples Congress. Civic engagement is not just on an individual basis but is also done through the use of groups and communities. There are major differences in the political views of people from different nations.. eligion is another topic that creates differences among cultures.. In the political system of the United States, Democrats are largely associated with liberalism (a political philosophy based on belief in progress) while Republicans are associated with conservatism (a political philosophy based on tradition and social stability). Thus many Chinese consumers prefer the short-term gains of the stock market to locking their money away in long-term savings vehicles. According to Nolan (2012) "as for the number of democrat countries, 123 of the 196 countries are exercising democracy as compared to only 69 countries in 1987" (p. 101). This is a natural outcome of the decline in U.S. strength. U.S. self-identification has been shaken under these circumstances. Economic and macro-political changes happening globally is something that international business management must consider before doing business since it will influence the decisions that they make regarding their business. For the Chinese, the key to those outcomes is respect for an appropriate hierarchy, itself a means of control. for only $16.05 $11/page. As Western attention focused on the deepening ties between China and Russia and the potential transfer of Chinese military aid to Moscow, Belarusian ruler Alyaksandr Lukashenka embarked on a three . The Chinese political system is dominated by multiparty cooperation as well as political constitution under the direction of the Communist party of China (CPC), but the USA is governed by the western style of multiparty system. The basic structures of both legal system are extremely similar. Access more than 40 courses trusted by Fortune 500 companies. For any deep analysis of the ideological aspects of the China-U.S. rivalry to be complete, two questions need to be answered: What political interests do the ideologies serve, and in what forms are they presented? The United States government structure is one of the largest democracies in the world and has been considered by many as one of the perfect democracies which the country and its citizens have prided themselves over. For instance, a business that wants to invest in China from the US, it must be prepared for more restrictions and should not expect Chines courts to consider the condition that leads to a certain situation since their law does not permit this. Hence, we need to understand, compare, and learn from leading values in China's political culture. The legal system of a country plays a key role in terms of its marketing and investment opportunities. (b) The national average SP of CO2 is 266.8 US dollars per ton, which is much higher than the carbon price in the emission trading system. China uses its particular authoritarian modeland its presumed legitimacyto build trust with its population in ways that would be considered highly intrusive in a liberal democracy. The differences between people of different cultures far outweigh their similaritiesI believe that differences in people of different cultures far outweigh their similarities.. Many in the West accept the version of China that it has presented to the world: The period of reform and opening begun in 1978 by Deng Xiaoping, which stressed the need to avoid the radical and often violent politics of the Cultural Revolution, means that ideology in China no longer matters. In the early 2010s she started moderating her previously outspoken political comments on Weibo as censorship tightened up. This package reveals much that may surprise them. : Statist Legacies and Market Reforms, 1980-90: Statist Legacies and Market Reforms, 1980-90. Those countries have since 1945 been pluralist democracies with independent judiciaries. The top 10 American semiconductor chip makers sell about three times as much in China as in the United States. For much of its turbulent modern history, China has been under threat from foreign powers, both within Asia (notably Japan) and outside it (the UK and France in the mid 19th century). The reality is quite different. He wisely noted that "Democracy is not Coca-Cola, which, with the syrup produced by the United States, tastes the same across the world. As to the orientation of a new era, however, the Trump administration has yet to offer any answers or insights. All these testify to the strength of the Chinese economy. The economy has grown 36-fold over the past three decades, chiefly because of market-oriented reforms that have created a vibrant private sector, which now accounts for about two-thirds of Chinas GDP. Thus July 2020 polling data from the Ash Center at Harvards Kennedy School of Government revealed 95% satisfaction with the Beijing government among Chinese citizens. Believing, for example, that political freedom would follow the new economic freedoms, they wrongly assumed that Chinas internet would be similar to the freewheeling and often politically disruptive version developed in the West. Land use is the most direct manifestation of human activities, accompanied by changes in land cover. In conclusion, it is not possible to have a unanimous decision on which political and economic practice is best for the entire universe. Regardless of who wins, it is unlikely that one of the . By 2020 she was intent on seeing her seven-year-old grandson and infant granddaughter (a second child had only recently become legal) do well. The old imperial bureaucracy helps modern Chinese to make the government started on more efficient point to absorb interest than any other countries (King, F. J., The United States and China Fourth Edition, 1979, China and the United States significantly differ in terms of the economic, legal and political system but this does not stop them from being the top two nation with the biggest economy worldwide. Additionally, human development is also key for countries to realize full economic growth. The United States takes in with high respect the principles of democracy and individualism. Some of these challenges are brought about by differences in legal, political and economic systems of different countries. In this system, the courts depend on the set legal codes by which the juries are only allowed to make their judgment basing on these codes. A command economy is the opposite of a free economy and it is usually dominated by the government which is always controlling major aspects of businesses. Hire a professional with VAST experience! The commission has succeeded in reducing corruption in large part because it is essentially above the lawsomething unimaginable in a liberal democracy. In this view, Trump wont necessarily lose if he fails to bring the pandemic under control; but if he fails to save the U.S. economy, his fate is sealed. That focus on securing short-term gain is why the young asset manager in Shanghai left a good long-term job for a relatively small but immediate pay raisebehavior that still plagues many businesses trying to retain talent and manage succession pipelines in China. She was a Red Guard as a teenager, screaming adoration for Chairman Mao while her parents were being re-educated for being educated. A nation that practice individualism and democracy is more likely to have an economic system that is market-based and this is more desirable since it allows businesses to produce what their products maximally thereby making desirable profits. HBR Learnings online leadership training helps you hone your skills with courses like Global Collaboration. In Canada, it is a . We have both sat in meetings where business executives, particularly in the technology and pharmaceutical sectors, expressed surprise at Chinas insistence that they transfer ownership of their IP to a Chinese company. Until that happens, the world will remain unstable as the U.S. aggressively tries to eliminate political diversity. Thats not likely, precisely because in Chinas particular brand of authoritarianism, control is key. Economic and Political Differences: China VS. United States. We will write a custom Research Paper on Political system comparison between India and China specifically for you. Not blaming China means indirectly acknowledging U.S. shortcomings, which could be explosive in U.S. partisan politics. The U.S., on the other hand, is infamous for its self-deluded belief in so-called "American Exceptionalism," to which end it obsessively seeks to force all others to change their ways in order to replicate its own radically. The United States has a democratic system, but in countries . That has huge implications for people seeking to do business in China. The Vietnamese premier is very powerful. The past decade has, if anything, strengthened Chinese leaders view that economic reform is possible without liberalizing politics. The political system of China has been operational since its establishment for 50 years. A Shanghai journalist is paid by her state-controlled magazine to fly around the world for stories on global lifestyle trends. There are other courts in the land such as High Courts and District and County Peoples Courts and Special Courts for military and forestry issues. First name should have at least 2 letters, Phone number should have at least 10 digits, Essay Sample on Exploring Economic Growth: Laws and Challenges, Essay Sample on Creating a Local Government on a Privately-Owned Island, Essay Example on Texas: A State of Pride and Ownership, China and India: Nations' Health Comparison, Infidel and the Influence of Politics on United States Religious Background, Essay Example on Plenary Powers in the US Constitution. This observation makes one wonder whether the Democrats are exploiting well-intended pro-diversity causes at home as part of a power struggle against Republicans. Some manufacturing has been relocated away from China since the trade war with the U.S. began in 2018, but that hasnt made a dent in either Chinas exports or Americas trade deficit. Similarities and Differences: US vs. China There are both very strikingly similarities and differences compared with their American counterparts in regards to culture and institutions. This review discusses recent efforts to systematically compare three leading values in China's philosophical traditionsmeritocracy, hierarchy, and harmony . The United States has a democratic government system with three branches in the system, legislative, executive, and judicial. In our work we have come to see that people in both business and politics often cling to three widely shared but essentially false assumptions about modern China. Weijian Shan was born in China and had his life upended by the Cultural Revolution. In 2020, a year of severe difficulties all over the world, there was no significant increase in Chinese corporate defaults. Silicon Valley as a teenager, screaming adoration for Chairman Mao while her parents were re-educated... 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